Fundamentals of Digital Image and Video Processing

In this module we cover the important topic of image and video enhancement, i.e., the problem of improving the appearance or usefulness of an image or video. Topics include: point-wise intensity transformation, histogram processing, linear and non-linear noise smoothing, sharpening, homomorphic filtering, pseudo-coloring, and video enhancement.

In this module we study the problem of image and video recovery. Topics include: introduction to image and video recovery, image restoration, matrix-vector notation for images, inverse filtering, constrained least squares (CLS), set-theoretic restoration approaches, iterative restoration algorithms, and spatially adaptive algorithms.

In this module we look at the problem of image and video recovery from a stochastic perspective. Topics include: Wiener restoration filter, Wiener noise smoothing filter, maximum likelihood and maximum a posteriori estimation, and Bayesian restoration algorithms.

In this module we introduce the problem of image and video compression with a focus on lossless compression. Topics include: elements of information theory, Huffman coding, run-length coding and fax, arithmetic coding, dictionary techniques, and predictive coding.

In this module we cover fundamental approaches towards lossy image compression. Topics include: scalar and vector quantization, differential pulse-code modulation, fractal image compression, transform coding, JPEG, and subband image compression.

In this module we discus video compression with an emphasis on motion-compensated hybrid video encoding and video compression standards including H.261, H.263, H.264, H.265, MPEG-1, MPEG-2, and MPEG-4.

In this module we introduce the problem of image and video segmentation, and discuss various approaches for performing segmentation including methods based on intensity discontinuity and intensity similarity, watersheds and K-means algorithms, and other advanced methods.

In this module we introduce the notion of sparsity and discuss how this concept is being applied in image and video processing. Topics include: sparsity-promoting norms, matching pursuit algorithm, smooth reformulations, and an overview of the applications.